indigenous peoples
Indigenous peoples, also known as first peoples, aboriginal peoples, native peoples, or autochthonous peoples, are ethnic groups who are descended from and identify with the original inhabitants of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonized the area more recently.
aboriginal
Groups are usually described as indigenous when they maintain traditions or other aspects of an early culture that is associated with a given region. Not all indigenous peoples share such characteristics. Indigenous peoples may be settled in a given locale/region or exhibit a nomadic lifestyle across a large territory, but they are generally historically associated with a specific territory on which they depend. Indigenous societies are found in every inhabited climate zone and continent of the world.
Since indigenous peoples are often faced with threats to their sovereignty, economic well-being and their access to resources on which their cultures depend, a special set of political rights in accordance with international law have been set forth by international organizations such as the United Nations, the International Labour Organization and the World Bank. The United Nations has issued a Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to guide member-state national policies to collective rights of indigenous people, such as culture, identity, language, and access to employment, health, education, and natural resources. Estimates put the total population of indigenous peoples from 220 million to 350 million.
The adjective indigenous is derived from the Latin word indigena, which is based on the root gen- ‘to be born’ with an archaic form of the prefix in ‘in’. Any given people, ethnic group or community may be described as indigenous in reference to some particular region or location that they see as their traditional tribal land claim. Other terms used to refer to indigenous populations are aboriginal, native, original, or first (as in Canada’s First Nations).
The use of the term peoples in association with the indigenous is derived from the 19th century anthropological and ethnographic disciplines that Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines as “a body of persons that are united by a common culture, tradition, or sense of kinship, which typically have common language, institutions, and beliefs, and often constitute a politically organized group”
During the late twentieth century, the term Indigenous people began to be used to describe a legal category in indigenous law created in international and national legislation; it refers to culturally distinct groups affected by colonization.
James Anaya, former Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, has defined indigenous peoples as “living descendants of pre-invasion inhabitants of lands now dominated by others. They are culturally distinct groups that find themselves engulfed by other settler societies born of forces of empire and conquest“.
[..]
The status of the indigenous groups in the subjugated relationship can be characterized in most instances as an effectively marginalized, isolated or minimally participative one, in comparison to majority groups or the nation-state as a whole.Their ability to influence and participate in the external policies that may exercise jurisdiction over their traditional lands and practices is very frequently limited. This situation can persist even in the case where the indigenous population outnumbers that of the other inhabitants of the region or state; the defining notion here is one of separation from decision and regulatory processes that have some, at least titular, influence over aspects of their community and land rights.
[..]
inuit
The Inuit have achieved a degree of administrative autonomy with the creation in 1999 of the territories of Nunavik (in Northern Québec), Nunatsiavut (in Northern Labrador) and Nunavut, which was until 1999 a part of the Northwest Territories. The self-ruling Danish territory of Greenland is also home to a majority population of indigenous Inuit (about 85%).
In the United States, the combined populations of Native Americans, Inuit and other indigenous designations totalled 2,786,652 (constituting about 1.5% of 2003 US census figures). Some 563 scheduled tribes are recognized at the federal level, and a number of others recognized at the state level.
[..]
Wherever indigenous cultural identity is asserted, common societal issues and concerns arise from the indigenous status. These concerns are often not unique to indigenous groups. Despite the diversity of Indigenous peoples, it may be noted that they share common problems and issues in dealing with the prevailing, or invading, society. They are generally concerned that the cultures of Indigenous peoples are being lost and that indigenous peoples suffer both discrimination and pressure to assimilate into their surrounding societies. This is borne out by the fact that the lands and cultures of nearly all of the peoples listed at the end of this article are under threat. Notable exceptions are the Sakha and Komi peoples (two of the northern indigenous peoples of Russia), who now control their own autonomous republics within the Russian state, and the Canadian Inuit, who form a majority of the territory of Nunavut (created in 1999). In Australia, a landmark case, Mabo v Queensland (No 2), saw the High Court of Australia reject the idea of terra nullius. This rejection ended up recognizing that there was a pre-existing system of law practiced by the Meriam people.
It is also sometimes argued that it is important for the human species as a whole to preserve a wide range of cultural diversity as possible, and that the protection of indigenous cultures is vital to this enterprise.
[..]
The WHO notes that “Statistical data on the health status of indigenous peoples is scarce. This is especially notable for indigenous peoples in Africa, Asia and eastern Europe”, but snapshots from various countries, where such statistics are available, show that indigenous people are in worse health than the general population, in advanced and developing countries alike: higher incidence of diabetes in some regions of Australia; higher prevalence of poor sanitation and lack of safe water among Twa households in Rwanda; a greater prevalence of childbirths without prenatal care among ethnic minorities in Vietnam; suicide rates among Inuit youth in Canada are eleven times higher than the national average; infant mortality rates are higher for indigenous peoples everywhere.
[..]
Indigenous peoples have been denoted primitives, savages, or uncivilized. These terms were common during the heights of European colonial expansion, but still continue in modern times.
During the 17th century, indigenous peoples were commonly labeled “uncivilized”. Some philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes considered indigenous people to be merely ‘savages’, while others are purported to have considered them to be “noble savages”. Those who were close to the Hobbesian view tended to believe themselves to have a duty to “civilize” and “modernize” the indigenous. Although anthropologists, especially from Europe, used to apply these terms to all tribal cultures, it has fallen into disfavor as demeaning and is, according to many anthropologists, not only inaccurate, but dangerous.
Survival International runs a campaign to stamp out media portrayal of indigenous peoples as ‘primitive’ or ‘savages’. Friends of Peoples Close to Nature considers not only that indigenous culture should be respected as not being inferior, but also sees their way of life as a lesson of sustainability and a part of the struggle within the “corrupted” western world, from which the threat stems.
After World War I, however, many Europeans came to doubt the morality of the means used to “civilize” peoples. At the same time, the anti-colonial movement, and advocates of indigenous peoples, argued that words such as “civilized” and “savage” were products and tools of colonialism, and argued that colonialism itself was savagely destructive. In the mid 20th century, European attitudes began to shift to the view that indigenous and tribal peoples should have the right to decide for themselves what should happen to their ancient cultures and ancestral lands.
__________
indigenous
change the dream (doc) – eagle and condor
a new story humanity (doc)
__________
listen to all the voices
mech simple enough.. (eagle and condor ness).. as means to listen to all the voices
__________
Aaron Paquette (@aaronpaquette) tweeted at 7:20 PM – 30 Dec 2016 :
There are over 600 Indigenous communities in Canada, all with their own priorities and perspectives. Why not get to know them? (http://twitter.com/aaronpaquette/status/815019855623680000?s=17)
there are over 7 bn on planet… w own idiosyncracies…let’s host all of them… and facil that dance
from
Rebekah Ingram (@geolinguistics) tweeted at 7:16 AM – 31 Dec 2016 :
Thread regarding “Who speaks for Indigenous Peoples?” https://t.co/BWQRgUohtG (http://twitter.com/geolinguistics/status/815199857489022977?s=17)
__________
aboriginal: indigenous
Jay (@thejaymo) tweeted at 7:28 AM – 31 Dec 2016 :
Land Cultures: Aboriginal economies and permaculture futures Land Cultures tells the story of the day… https://t.co/Xbno2hqsI1 (http://twitter.com/thejaymo/status/815203041892769792?s=17)
bruce pascoe (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Pascoe)
9 min – here’s a grass.. no one knows of.. an absence of scholarship
12 min – thomas: remarked on how 1000 diff houses and everyone diff.. the bounty of food growing on food/walls.. aboriginals.. hunters gatherers.. kept finding villages..
iwan baan ness..
16 min – there’s nothing wrong with being a hunterer/gatherer.. but the truth is.. we were not mere h & g’s
21 min – you don’t have to be.. to realize that rivers should have water in them.. we owe it to the land to be a bit more gentle.. and aboriginal people had the tools for that.. we’ve still got them.. and they can still be applied..
david holmgren (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Holmgren):
37 min – everywhere in the world.. permaculture acknowledges indigenous and traditional people as the big source for what we need to do in the future.. *but not in the way that we need to exactly copy it in exactly the same place because the world has changed.. those soils are diff.. **all the cultures of the planet have been scrambled.. we are dealing w/1000 broken jigsaw puzzles.. of which we need to take pieces that we think might be useful.. and ***head over the horizon to a future we don’t know..
*chaos ness from Jim‘s doc..
**the need to listen deeply to every voice.. now.. to now..
***begs we leap.. (for (blank)’s sake…) ..to a nother way.. where we can listen to all the voices…
38 min – where we have to again.. become indigenous
39 min – we all need to become indigenous.. and help with the rediscovering of what’s going on…
________________
shared by Xiuhtezcatl on fb
Tragic! Brazil dynamited an indigenous sacred site, the equivalent of Christian “Heaven,” to make way for Teles Pires dam; desecration is devastating to Munduruku culture.
https://news.mongabay.com/2017/01/the-end-of-a-people-amazon-dam-destroys-sacred-munduruku-heaven/
In 2013 the companies involved blew up Sete Quedas, and in so doing also destroyed — in the cosmology of the region’s indigenous people — the equivalent of the Christian “Heaven”, the sacred sanctuary inhabited by spirits after death. Known in as Paribixexe, Sete Quedas is a sacred site for all the Munduruku.
[..]
In all, today, (article published in 2017)more than 13,000 Munduruku Indians live in 112 villages, mainly along the upper reaches of the Tapajós River and its tributaries, including the Teles Pires River
[..]
Suspension of Security allows any judicial decision, even when based on sound legal principles, to be reversed in a higher court without further legal argument, using a trump card that simply invokes “national security”, “public order” or the “national economy”.
[..]
Worse, Iphan had decided that, as the urns and other material were discovered outside the boundary of the indigenous reserve, they were the property of the government and should be sent to a museum.
[..]
The elder Eurico Krixi Munduruku finds it painful to describe what this sacrilege means for the people: “Those urns should never have been touched. And it’s not the white man who will pay for this. It is us, the living Munduruku, who will have to pay, in the form of accidents, in the form of death…. Our ancestors left them there for us to protect. It was our duty and we have failed. And now we, the Munduruku, will have to pay the price.”
The harm done to the Munduruku psyche by these desecrations hit home in the aftermath of a 2012 federal police operation known as Operação Eldorado, during which an Indian was killed. Krixi Biwun, the sister of the dead man, told us of her brother’s restless spirit: “He went to Sete Quedas because, when people die, that is where our ancestors take them so they can live there. But now Sete Quedas is destroyed and he is suffering.”
[..]
“The ethnocide continues, in the way people look at us, the way they want us to be like them, subjugating our organizations, the way they tell us that our religion isn’t worth anything, that theirs is what matters, the way they tell us our behavior is wrong. They are obliterating the identity of the Indian as a human being.”
from video:
the way they want us to be like them.. they obliterate indigenous identities.. destroy us as human beings..
___
ute people.. aiyansh..
Jacelyn Charger..Widia Larivière..Xiuhtezcatl Martinez.. Pam Palmater.. et al
____
via Tom fb share – video of Widia Larivière on creating quebec branch of idle no more (respect for rights of indigenous peoples):
_____
fb share by Tom
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/jesse-wente-appropriation-prize-1.4115293
This absorbs so much energy, it causes so much pain in our community, to have to re-argue for our value as human beings, on our own land? In a foreign language as I do to you now, one that was imposed on us? Please. What are we talking about in 2017.
Don’t mistake my emotion here, or my civility anywhere, as weakness. This is our strength, this is me being in touch with my ancestors and feeling them sitting beside me.
_______
fb share by Tom
Throughout 2017, the NFB is offering the films in its exceptional collection of 250+ Indigenous-made works to all Canadians—as FREE public screenings! These are the stories of our land, told by First Nations, Métis and Inuit filmmakers from every region of the country. Powerful, political, and profound, these films will initiate and inspire conversations on identity, family, community, and nationhood.
____________
fb share by Tom
Why Canada 150 is the beginning of Indigenous reoccupation.
[https://www.facebook.com/vicecanada/videos/1595871980433359/]
____________
fb share by Chris Wejr
The stories are hard to read… and even make people “uncomfortable” (have heard a few say this) but the inter-generational trauma is real and something we, as Canadians, must seek to understand. The strength of this writer (and so many others that continue to walk forward) is truly incredible. Listen. Understand. Act. #reconciliation
http://www.residentialschool.ca/let-me-tell-you-about-inter-generational-trauma/
I can’t even begin to imagine what it would be like to grow up in an institution like the residential school. The only thing I know is how inter-generational trauma is the foundation upon which my life was created – how, even before I was born, the stones of my life had been laid, environments filled with addictions, violence, abuse, and suicide, representing the glue holding the stones together. Through inevitable trauma and tragedy, I would watch the houses of people around me whom I loved, crumble and fall time and time again – some turning to dust, some trying to rebuild. Again and again, the houses would fall, and I would eventually find myself standing in a haze of dirt, rubble, grief and loss; an ocean of suicide, tormenting and unforgiving.
It wasn’t just me that these schools affected – we are talking hundreds of thousands of people who were directly or indirectly impacted by inter-generational trauma.
Inter-generational trauma is deceptive. It is unrecognizable to the untrained eye, and disguises itself as depression, mental and emotional disorders, selfishness, among many other things. Let me tell you about inter-generational trauma.
____________
indianz.com (@indianz) tweeted at 9:47 AM – 10 Nov 2017 :
Bad River Band seeks answers after police officer shoots and kills 14-year-old boy #JusticeForJason #Wisconsin https://t.co/HemYgo1VXqhttps://t.co/pu9rZP3GZd (http://twitter.com/indianz/status/929027770587500545?s=17)
____________
Johannes Kleske (@jkleske) tweeted at 6:01 AM – 15 Nov 2017 :
Indigenous and black futurists in Canada are making sense of their past and imagining radically different futures through science fiction. https://t.co/OqUv50qfCl(http://twitter.com/jkleske/status/930782880162369536?s=17)
According to Faust, imagining the future is also about decolonizing minds.
What happens is that people’s imaginations get colonized,” he says. – Minister Faust (@ministerfaust)..t
‘Action and agency starts with the ability to imagine’ -Danis Goulet (@danisgoulet).. t
Through the residential school experience, generations of Indigenous people have been taught subservience and had their lives regimented, Goulet says, adding in sci-fi terms, that’s called brainwashing and reprogramming.
“As soon as you bring imagining a future into this context, it can be a very powerful thing because then we have the ability to imagine different futures other than what was literally programmed and predetermined for us,” ..t.. Goulet says.
krishnamurti free will law.. et al
____________
Fuck Thanksgiving (@lilnativeboy) tweeted at 7:04 PM – 16 Nov 2017 :
Just a reminder last year on Thanksgiving that Natives were being tortured with dogs, illegal scare tactics, being run over by angry white ppl all to protect our water and this year on Thanksgiving they are now cleaning up 200,000 gallon oil spill on a South Dakota reservation (http://twitter.com/lilnativeboy/status/931342169788395520?s=17)
__________
Native American Girls Describe the REAL History Behind Thanksgiving | Teen Vogue
1 min video
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7jLeBWMA0U]
__________
Offord Centre (@OffordCentre) tweeted at 2:32 PM – 21 Nov 2017 :
#INDIGENOUS voices helped by technology! https://t.co/5Z9szanMgQ (http://twitter.com/OffordCentre/status/933085790711812097?s=17)
__________
via Jon fb share.. from Gabor
Institutions and individuals interacting with First Nations people must become deeply trauma-informed. Judges, teachers, law-enforcement personnel, nurses, doctors, psychiatrists, social workers, public employees, policy-makers all must understand what trauma is, its multiple impacts on human mentality and behaviour, and how to address it. Without such information, as I have witnessed repeatedly, the best-meaning people can unwittingly retraumatize those who can least bear further pain and loss. Practices that devastate families must be stopped, such as the frequent apprehension of children without restorative and compassionate family-building support.
___________
via Nancy on fb: native americans 5 genders
also here
no set of rules that men and women had to abide by in order to be considered a “normal” member of their tribe.
In fact, people who had both female and male characteristics were viewed as gifted by nature, and therefore, able to see both sides of everything. According to Indian Country Today, all native communities acknowledged the following gender roles: “Female, male, Two Spirit female, Two Spirit male and Transgendered.”
[..]
In Native American cultures, people were valued for their contributions to the tribe, rather than for masculinity or femininity. Parents did not assign gender roles to children either, and even children’s clothing tended to be gender neutral. There were no ideas or ideals about how a person should love; it was simply a natural act that occurred without judgement or hesitation.
Without a negative stigma attached to being a Two Spirit, there were no inner-tribal incidents of retaliation or violence toward the chosen people simply due to the fact that individuals identified as the opposite or both genders.
[..]
Indians believed that a person who was able to see the world through the eyes of both genders at the same time was a gift from The Creator.”
__________
Mxrk (@mxrk) tweeted at 11:45 AM – 17 Feb 2018 :
@valthonis One of the ways we stole Indian land was to “give” them the land and then charge them for the subsequent paperwork. When they couldn’t pay the fees the land was “legally” repossessed (http://twitter.com/mxrk/status/964933925800988672?s=17)
___________
Carol Black (@cblack__) tweeted at 10:32 AM on Wed, May 23, 2018:
“Colonialism has taught Indigenous families like mine that an authoritarian presence over children is acceptable and mandatory… What I want for my daughter is the complete opposite of how I was raised.”
Beautiful piece by @AndreaLandry1 https://t.co/oR5S4YTNTm
(https://twitter.com/cblack__/status/999327174552252416?s=03)
__________
The Stream (@AJStream) tweeted at 5:00 AM – 30 Aug 2018 :
The territories of the world’s 370 million #Indigenous peoples cover about 22% of land worldwide and contain 80% of the world’s biodiversity, according to UN agencies. What role can #indigenous communities play in tackling climate change effects through Traditional Knowledge? (http://twitter.com/AJStream/status/1035120056261378048?s=17)
__________
Niigaan Sinclair (@Niigaanwewidam) tweeted at 3:54 PM – 1 Sep 2018 :
Unmarked graves of children from residential school found beneath RV park https://t.co/vr2FVOCJ6y (http://twitter.com/Niigaanwewidam/status/1036009353994792962?s=17)
_________
Indigenous women kept from seeing their newborn babies until agreeing to sterilization, says lawyer | CBC Radio https://t.co/SMzfIo3zT4
Original Tweet: https://twitter.com/OzKaterji/status/1064619646702227456
___________
Noam Chomsky: Indigenous people are our only hope for survival – Ecologise https://t.co/BHIvzyGVij
Original Tweet: https://twitter.com/fl9wrider/status/1065691079079538688
_________
The New York Times (@nytimes) tweeted at 5:30 AM – 28 Jan 2019 :
“Money means nothing to us,” said Chief Madeek, one of the hereditary leaders of the Wet’suwet’en people. “Our children, our land, our future, is here and that’s what we are going to protect.” https://t.co/fPHlwE3llH (http://twitter.com/nytimes/status/1089863181944664064?s=17)
money less ness
_________
DINÉ (@honaghaahnii) tweeted at 2:52 PM on Fri, Mar 29, 2019:
WOW, THIS IS NOW.
…IN THE UNITED STATES.
…IN SOUTH DAKOTA.
WHY HAVEN’T I SEEN ANY MAJOR NEWS COVERAGE ON THIS?!
WHY ARE THEY NOT GETTING HELP FROM THE GOVERNMENT?! https://t.co/Y4ZPElpluK
(https://twitter.com/honaghaahnii/status/1111732909881217024?s=03)
__________
Blackbird is one of the Beatles’ most beloved songs — and now a small East Coast school has made it their own by creating a beautiful rendition in the Mi’kmaq language. | @cbcradioq https://t.co/9TX5g1bCOt
Original Tweet: https://twitter.com/CBC/status/1123688894166446082Students at the Eskasoni high school recorded the track to mark the International Year of Indigenous Languages
Sixteen-year-old music student Emma Stevens from Allison Bernard Memorial High School on East Cape Breton Island performs the Beatles classic Blackbird in the Mi’kmaq language. (YouTube)
Music students at Allison Bernard Memorial High School in Eskasoni, Nova Scotia created the cover as part of the International Year of Indigenous Languages, a United Nations initiative aimed at raising awareness of endangered Indigenous languages around the world.
__________
via Carol Black fb share:
Ten-year-old Dujuan is a child-healer, a good hunter and speaks three languages. Yet Dujuan is ‘failing’ in school and facing increasing scrutiny from welfare and the police. Official Trailer: https://t.co/t4SnrUBPKj
Original Tweet: https://twitter.com/inmyblooditruns/status/1171337025330565121
all i want is a normal life.. of just being me
_________
be you. 